早春倒春寒会对猕猴桃新梢、花果造成一定危害，并可能引起病害，影响猕猴桃树的生长和产量。防范低温危害和受冻后主要补救措施有以下几个方面：
1、延迟抹芽。植株萌芽后暂缓抹芽工作，低温来临可能会对一部分新梢造成损伤，导致不能正常生长，待低温过后先除去受损新梢，再根据情况进行抹芽，确保当年的枝条数和产量。
▲红心猕猴桃春季抹芽
2、果园浇水。根据地方气候变化规律，易发生倒春寒的园区，应在猕猴桃萌芽前后浇水1-2次，可以降低地温，推迟萌芽。在低温来临2-3天前，进行全园灌水，增加果园热容量，减少果园降温幅度。
3、树冠喷水。有条件的果园在架面上架设喷灌系统，在当天气温降到2-3℃时开始喷水，利用水温维持树体温度。
4、果园熏烟。在寒流到来前，在猕猴桃园内做好堆柴烟熏的准备，果园行间的上风处每15-20米堆放一个湿柴草堆，每亩堆放6-7个，在夜间气温降至2-3℃时点燃，不能起明火，让烟雾弥漫在整个果园，持续到天亮，既可减少辐射降温，又可以增加果园的热量，达到预防“倒春寒”的作用。
5、加强果园通风。对于没有熏烟条件的果园，特别是处于低洼地的园区，为防止冷空气沉积，要加强果园通风条件。
▲where to buy kiwi pollen
6、喷施叶面肥。对处于萌芽至开花期的猕猴桃树，在冻害来临前，喷水溶性复合肥或0.3％～0.5％的磷酸二氢钾水溶液，既可以增加树体抗冻害能力，又可以使树体在受到冻害后能迅速恢复。
7、喷施防冻剂。在低温来临前1-2天，全园喷施防冻剂，能提高新梢抵御低温冻害的能力，有效减轻冻害损失。
▲Kiwi pollination by honey bee
1、表型变化：叶面萎蔫。
2、生理变化：
a、根系的吸收能力下降，呼吸作用减弱；
b膜系统损伤，细胞膜通透性增加，细胞内可溶性物质大量外渗，引发代谢失调；
c、物质代谢失调，水解酶类活性增强，物质分解加速，细胞膜系统受到破坏。
1、加强肥水管理。结合春季灌溉，对受冻果园浇1次透水，增施磷钾肥，促使猕猴桃树体尽快恢复。也可叶面喷1-2次0.2％的尿素和0.2％的磷酸二氢钾混合液，增加树体养分，促进副芽萌发。
2、适时中耕。春灌后结合施肥进行中耕，提高地温，促进猕猴桃根系活动和树体养分供给。
3、保花保果。通过人工授粉等措施保花保果。
▲2025年新猕猴桃花粉上市
4、加强果园病虫害防治。冻害发生后，树体伤口增加，抗性降低，最容易加重病害发生，及时做好猕猴桃园细菌性溃疡病、花腐病为主的病虫害预防工作，提高树体抗逆性，可选用噻菌铜、春雷霉素、可杀得三千等药剂交替使用。
5、适当修剪。受冻较重果园，要根据树体情况进行短截等适当修剪，同时全园喷施6%寡糖2000倍液或碧护7000倍液等，及时修复受损组织，刺激隐芽萌发。
6、疏除部分花蕾。受冻果园根据树体受冻程度减少负载，及时疏除部分花蕾，加强管理，尽快恢复树体生
Early spring and late spring cold can cause certain harm to kiwifruit shoots, flowers and fruits, and may also cause diseases, affecting the growth and yield of kiwifruit trees. The main remedial measures to prevent low temperature hazards and after freezing are as follows:
1. Delay sprouting. After the germination of the plant, the sprouting work should be temporarily suspended. The arrival of low temperature may cause damage to some new shoots, resulting in abnormal growth. After the low temperature, the damaged new shoots should be removed first, and then the sprouting should be carried out according to the situation to ensure the number of branches and yield of the year.
▲金红一号猕猴桃
2. Watering the orchard. According to the laws of local climate change, parks that are prone to experiencing late spring cold should be watered 1-2 times before and after kiwifruit sprouting to reduce soil temperature and delay sprouting. 2-3 days before the onset of low temperatures, irrigate the entire orchard to increase its heat capacity and reduce the extent of cooling.
3. The tree canopy sprays water. Conditional orchards install sprinkler systems on their shelves, starting to spray water when the weather temperature drops to 2-3 ℃, using water temperature to maintain the temperature of the trees.
▲猕猴桃电动授粉枪
4. Orchard smoking. Before the arrival of the cold wave, prepare to stack firewood and smoke in the kiwifruit orchard. Stack a wet stack of firewood and grass every 15-20 meters on the windward side of the orchard row, with 6-7 stacks per acre. Ignite it at night when the temperature drops to 2-3 ℃, without open flames, allowing smoke to spread throughout the orchard until dawn. This can reduce radiation cooling and increase the heat of the orchard, achieving the effect of preventing "late spring cold".
5. Strengthen the ventilation of the orchard. For orchards without smoking conditions, especially those located in low-lying areas, in order to prevent cold air deposition, it is necessary to strengthen the ventilation conditions of the orchard.
6. Spray foliar fertilizer. For kiwifruit trees in the germination to flowering stage, spraying water-soluble compound fertilizer or 0.3% to 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution before freezing damage can not only increase the tree's resistance to freezing damage, but also enable the tree to quickly recover after being damaged by freezing.
7. Spray antifreeze. Spraying antifreeze throughout the garden 1-2 days before the arrival of low temperatures can improve the ability of new shoots to resist low temperature freezing damage and effectively reduce freezing damage losses.
▲大型电动猕猴桃授粉设备
▲How to Pollinate Kiwi Plants
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