清明前后，是红心猕猴桃开花授粉时节，贵州省纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地抢抓时令，组织村民采摘雄花制作花粉，再为雌花授粉，为秋后红心猕猴桃丰收奠定基础。
2024年4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，负责人刘玉贤在指导工人使用授粉枪。
▲猕猴桃雄花
4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，负责人刘玉贤在指导工人使用授粉枪。杨英摄
制粉的雄花需趁花还未完全开放的时候采摘，因为全开后，花粉会随风飞走。为收集到带粉多的雄花，村民们早早就到猕猴桃林中劳作。
2024年4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，村民在授粉。 杨英 摄
4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，村民在授粉。
▲猕猴桃花的结构图
制作花粉需要较高的技术含量，基地今年采购了整套先进的制粉机器。新采的雄花经过花药提取机的揉捻，得到的花药经过筛子两道过滤程序后，进入烘干阶段，在26至28摄氏度的环境下进行烘干；烘干后的花药经过研磨，再通过花粉提取机炼出纯花粉；然后往花粉中加入石松粉，为花粉着色并降低其密度，花粉就制作完成。
2024年4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，村民在采摘雄花蕾制作花粉。
▲优质的高倍体猕猴桃公花
4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，村民在采摘雄花蕾制作花粉。杨英摄
猕猴桃架下，进行授粉操作的村民一人一把授粉枪，枪口对着雌花轻喷，花粉即可附着在雌花上。
2024年4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，村民在采摘雄花蕾制作花粉。
▲运往批发市场的红阳猕猴桃
4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，村民在采摘雄花蕾制作花粉。杨英摄
玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地负责人刘玉贤说：“我们基地用的花粉一直都是自制的，自制花粉有两个好处，一是节约成本，二是活性高，活性高能提高我们红心猕猴桃的产量和品质。”
2024年4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，负责人刘玉贤在制作花粉。
▲运往批发市场的红阳猕猴桃
4月10日，贵州省毕节市纳雍县玉龙坝镇武佐河红心猕猴桃种植基地，负责人刘玉贤在制作花粉。杨英摄
近年来，玉龙坝镇按照“一镇一品，一村一特”规划，在武佐河畔种植红心猕猴桃300亩，既提高了山地利用率，又带动群众务工增收，助力乡村振兴。
▲播宏果业是贵州省最大的猕猴桃种植公司，种植1200亩高山猕猴桃，其中猕猴桃花粉项目是中国单体面积最大的猕猴桃花粉园，丰产期产花粉400公斤，提供高品质、高倍体、高活性的猕猴桃花粉。联系微信18030405084
Around Qingming Festival, it is the season for the flowering and pollination of red kiwifruit. The Wuzhuohe Red kiwifruit planting base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Guizhou Province, seizes the season and organizes villagers to pick male flowers to make pollen, which is then used to pollinate female flowers, laying the foundation for a bountiful harvest of red kiwifruit in autumn.
On April 10, 2024, Liu Yuxian, the person in charge of the Wuzhuohe Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, was guiding workers to use pollination guns. Photo by Yang Ying
On April 10th, Liu Yuxian, the person in charge of the Wuzuo River Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, guided workers in using pollination guns.
▲Bounty邦迪水杨桃砧木
The powdered male flowers should be harvested before they are fully bloomed, as once fully bloomed, the pollen will fly away with the wind. In order to collect male flowers with a lot of powder, the villagers went to the kiwifruit forest early to work.
On April 10, 2024, villagers were pollinating at the Wuzhuohe Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Photo by Yang Ying
On April 10th, villagers were pollinating at the Wuzuo River Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Photo by Yang Ying
Producing pollen requires a high level of technical expertise, and this year the base has purchased a complete set of advanced flour milling machines. The newly harvested male flowers are kneaded and twisted by an anther extractor, and the resulting anthers are filtered through two screening processes before entering the drying stage, which is carried out at 26 to 28 degrees Celsius; After drying, the anthers are ground and then refined into pure pollen using a pollen extractor; Then add pine powder to the pollen to color it and reduce its density, and the pollen is completed.
▲猕猴桃花粉运输过程中需要低温加冰袋
On April 10, 2024, villagers were picking male flower buds to make pollen at the Wuzhuohe Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Photo by Yang Ying
On April 10th, villagers were picking male flower buds to make pollen at the Wuzhuohe Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Photo by Yang Ying
Under the kiwi stand, each villager carrying out pollination operations holds a pollination gun and lightly sprays it at the female flowers, allowing the pollen to adhere to them.
On April 10, 2024, villagers were picking male flower buds to make pollen at the Wuzhuohe Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Photo by Yang Ying
▲使用锂电池的猕猴桃电动授粉机
On April 10th, villagers were picking male flower buds to make pollen at the Wuzhuohe Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Photo by Yang Ying
Liu Yuxian, the person in charge of the Wuzuo River Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, said, "The pollen we use in our base has always been homemade. Homemade pollen has two benefits: cost savings and high activity, which can improve the yield and quality of our red heart kiwifruit
On April 10, 2024, Liu Yuxian, the person in charge of the Wuzuo River Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, was making pollen. Photo by Yang Ying
On April 10th, Liu Yuxian, the person in charge of the Wuzuo River Red Heart Kiwi Planting Base in Yulongba Town, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, was making pollen. Photo by Yang Ying
In recent years, Yulongba Town has planted 300 acres of red kiwifruit along the banks of the Wuzuo River in accordance with the "one town, one product, one village, one specialty" plan. This has not only improved the utilization rate of mountainous areas, but also driven people to work and increase income, and helped rural revitalization.
▲中国四川省的红心猕猴桃果园
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