Kiwifruit and their tangy green flesh are routinely purchased and devoured throughout the year by people across the nation. This is no surprise. Kiwis are high in Vitamin C, dietary fiber, and potassium. The subtropical fruit is also a favorite of many southern U.S. producers since the delicious fruit is traditionally grown in warmer climates. California produces the vast majority of kiwis that are sold in our local grocery stores, but due to recent research advancements from U.S. Department of Agriculture scientists, this may no longer be the case.
▲新西兰猕猴桃园采摘的华人小哥
猕猴桃及其浓郁的绿色果肉常年被全国各地的人们购买和食用。这并不奇怪。新西兰人富含维生素C、膳食纤维和钾。亚热带水果也是许多美国南部生产商的最爱，因为这种美味的水果传统上生长在温暖的气候中。加利福尼亚州生产了我们当地杂货店出售的绝大多数猕猴桃，但由于美国农业部科学家最近的研究进展，情况可能不再如此。
▲猕猴桃鲜果采摘装车
This was not a snap decision. The research actually began in 1995 when scientists from the Agricultural Research Service’s Appalachian Fruit Research Service (AFRS) planted second-generation seedlings that originated in Rome, Italy. Only two vines survived the cold winter temperatures between 1995 and 2015, with a record low temperature during that period of –5.8 F. Of those two vines, 'Tango' (female) and 'Hombre' (male) were planted and evaluated in the AFRS’orchards before a new crop proved that these particular cultivars could grow and thrive in traditional Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern winter climates.
▲New Zealand SunGold Fruit Picking Workers
这不是一个仓促的决定。这项研究实际上始于1995年，当时农业研究局阿巴拉契亚水果研究局（AFRS）的科学家种植了源自意大利罗马的第二代幼苗。在1995年至2015年期间，只有两株葡萄在寒冷的冬季温度下存活下来，那段时间的最低温度为-5.8华氏度。在这两株葡萄中，“Tango”（雌性）和“Hombre”（雄性）在新作物证明这些特定品种可以在传统的中大西洋和东北部冬季气候中生长和茁壮成长之前，在AFRS的果园进行了种植和评估。
▲New Zealand SunGold Fruit Picking Site
In a recently published study, researchers noted that both vines grew vigorously, and received little pruning before bearing fruit. There was also no need for supplemental irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides, or a warm climate for growth.
在最近发表的一项研究中，研究人员指出，这两种葡萄藤生长旺盛，在结果之前几乎没有修剪。也不需要补充灌溉、肥料、杀虫剂或温暖的气候来促进生长。
▲贵州高山猕猴桃种植喜获丰收
Whole and sliced kiwis.Kiwis grown at the Appalachian Fruit Research Station. (Photo by Mark Demuth, ARS)整颗和切片的猕猴桃。在阿巴拉契亚水果研究站种植的猕猴桃。（图片由ARS的Mark Demuth提供）
"This cultivar isn’t currently found in the grocery store," said Research Biologist Scientist Chris Dardick. "The flesh and texture are very similar to the kiwifruit that people already enjoy and so is the flavor. It’s easy to grow, extremely pest and disease resistant, and readily available for use by producers and nurseries in colder climate conditions."
▲where are zespri kiwi grown
研究生物学家克里斯·达迪克说：“这种品种目前在杂货店还没有发现。”。“猕猴桃的果肉和质地与人们已经喜欢的猕猴桃非常相似，味道也是如此。它很容易种植，非常抗病虫害，在较冷的气候条件下很容易被生产者和苗圃使用。”
Tango’s fruit yields high quality in terms of size and soluble solids and are comparable to the commercial A. deliciosa cultivar Hayward. It can also remain in cold storage for extended periods of time.Tango的果实在大小和可溶性固形物方面质量很高，与商业A.deliciosa品种Hayward相当。它也可以长时间冷藏。
▲佳沛在国内销售的进口红心猕猴桃
The male pollinizer 'Hombre' is not patented and can be publicly made available upon request. The female kiwi 'Tango' is patented by the USDA-ARS and can be distributed to nurseries or producers once they obtain a licensing agreement. Both plants ('Hombre' and 'Tango') are essential to produce the kiwifruit. Limited quantities of budwood and/or plants from 'Tango' and 'Hombre' are also available upon request for evaluation.
男性花粉器“Hombre”没有专利，可以根据要求公开提供。雌性几维鸟“探戈”已获得美国农业部农业研究所的专利，一旦获得许可协议，就可以分发给托儿所或生产者。这两种植物（‘红褐色’和‘探戈’）都是生产猕猴桃所必需的。根据要求，我们还可以提供有限数量的“Tango”和“Hombre”的浮木和/或植物进行评估。
▲猕猴桃果园冬季无人机清园打药
▲Abundant Red Heart Kiwi Orchard
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