惠农果业猕猴桃授粉技术三要点
▲授粉前猕猴桃花粉醒粉
一、“泽旭”电动授粉器授粉：猕猴桃授粉期如果遇上下雨天只能选择用电动授粉器喷雾授粉。授粉方法如下：在大部分(约60—70%)的雌花开放后，于露水干后或抢抓下雨间隙抓紧铁丝摇掉花叶上附着雨水后进行喷雾，对准花群扣动扳机，按一定的方位和顺序迅速扫射、移动，切勿在一处停留过久，因形成水珠后，会使花粉滴落，降低授粉效果，对大片的雌花可连续、反复喷射，不要遗漏，对少量或单个的雌花可采用点射，以节约花粉。每隔1—2天再喷一次，整个花期至少要喷授3次，若喷后马上下雨，应重喷，若3小时后下雨，可以不用再喷，因花粉在2—3小时之内就可完成受精。
温馨提示：所授花粉10克加上2克碧护+花粉辅料20克混合均匀授粉，可以增强猕猴桃花粉抗逆性，提高猕猴桃授粉成功率，促进授粉，提高座果率，预防落果。
▲给红心猕猴桃授粉
二、毛笔点授法：将收集起来的花粉或花药，用毛笔蘸上花粉轻轻涂抹在雌花的柱头上即可。
三、人工对花法：少量授粉时，可直接将开放的雄花摘下，对着雌花轻轻涂抹，每朵雄花可授3—5朵雌花。
惠农果业植保科技服务中心
▲猕猴桃授粉
Three key points of kiwi pollination technology in Huinong Fruit Industry
1、 "Zexu" electric pollinator pollination: if it rains during the pollination period of kiwifruit, you can only choose to use electric pollinator spray pollination. The pollination method is as follows: after most of the female flowers (about 60-70%) open, grasp the iron wire to shake off the attached rainwater on the flower leaves after the dew dries or grabs the rain gap, and then carry out spray. Aim at the flowers, pull the trigger, and quickly spray and move in a certain direction and order. Do not stay in one place for too long, because the formation of water droplets will cause the pollen to drop, reducing the pollination effect. For large female flowers, spray continuously and repeatedly, without omission. For a small number or single female flowers, use spot shooting to save pollen. Spray again every 1-2 days, at least 3 times during the entire flowering period. If it rains immediately after spraying, it should be sprayed again. If it rains 3 hours later, there is no need to spray again because pollen can be fertilized within 2-3 hours.
Reminder: Mixing 10g of pollen with 2g of Bihu and 20g of pollen auxiliary material can enhance the stress resistance of kiwifruit pollen, improve the success rate of kiwifruit pollination, promote pollination, increase fruit setting rate, and prevent fruit drop.
▲以前国内普遍采用的猕猴桃人工授粉方式
2、 Brush Point Teaching Method: Dip the collected pollen or anthers into a brush and gently apply it to the stigma of the female flower.
3、 Artificial pollination method: When pollinating in small quantities, the open male flowers can be directly removed and gently applied to the female flowers. Each male flower can produce 3-5 female flowers.
Huinong Fruit Industry Plant Protection Technology Service Center
▲研究发现经天然芸苔素甾醇处理后的猕猴桃，促进了其花粉管的伸长，花粉萌发率明显提高。实际使用中，在作物的花期使用芸苔素喷施，可促进花粉管伸长，提高花粉活力，提高授粉成功率。对于座果率不佳、或者花期遭遇不良天气的作物，都可以通过使用天然芸苔素甾醇来提升座果率。
▲红心猕猴桃图片
Research has found that kiwifruit treated with natural brassinosteroids promotes the elongation of its pollen tubes and significantly increases pollen germination rate. In practical use, spraying brassinolide during the flowering period of crops can promote the elongation of pollen tubes, improve pollen vitality, and increase pollination success rate. For crops with poor fruit set rate or encountering unfavorable weather during the flowering period, natural brassinosteroids can be used to increase fruit set rate.
▲新型鼓风式电动猕猴桃授粉器
▲猕猴桃电动授粉枪
▲Macaque peach blossoms in full bloom
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